Techniques for gastric operation:

1. Sleeve gastrectomy: In this surgery, the surgeon removes a large portion of the stomach (proximally 80%) along the greater
   curvature (the funds) leaving the stomach shaped like a tube.
   The size of the stomach is greatly reduced, restricting the amount of food the patient can eat and making him lose weight. Another effect is that a degree of malabsorption may happen after the surgery which also helps in the weight loss process. The hunger will also decrease as the funds secrete the “ghrelin “hormone which is responsible for feeling hungry.

2. Gastric Botox injections: gastric Botox which is injected by endoscopy relax the stomach muscles, causing them to contract less, and that will lead to feeling full for a longer time thus eating less and help you lose weight!
   It is a minimally invasive procedure that takes about 20 minutes
   It can be done in the clinic; it doesn’t need a hospital stay as you can go home after the procedure and most of them can resume their activities the day after.
   the effect period of the gastric Botox injection is 4 – 5 months then you can repeat the procedure if needed
   this procedure is ideal for patients aiming to lose 10-15 Kgs of their weight.

3. Gastric bypass: Gastric bypass surgery is a type of bariatric, or weight loss, surgery. During gastric bypass surgery involves creating a small pouch from the stomach and connecting the newly created pouch directly to the small intestine. This means it takes less food to make you feel full and you’ll absorb fewer calories from the food you eat.
   The goal of these operations is to modify the stomach and intestines to treat obesity and related diseases. The operations may make the stomach smaller and also bypass a portion of the intestine. This results in less food intake and changes how the body absorbs food for energy resulting in decreased hunger and increased fullness. These procedures improve the body’s ability to achieve a healthy weight.

4. Gastric balloon: If you are looking for an affordable, quick, nonsurgical procedure without any incisions, stitches or scars, a gastric balloon could be your answer to weight loss.
   A gastric balloon is an inflatable silicone balloon that is inserted in your stomach. it is a non-surgical intervention to occupy space and limit the food carrying capacity of the stomach. This makes you feel full sooner and limits your intake to smaller portions. The procedure is temporary and the balloon is usually removed after 6 months.
   Overall, gastric balloon treatment can significantly reduce your portion sizes and help you reach your long-term weight loss goals.

Before the procedure:

First of all, a complete medical evaluation will be done so the doctor can determine the appropriate procedure and schedule the surgery’s date

The most important thing before the surgery is the DIET.

In obese people, there’s almost always fat accumulation around the liver, which makes it enlarge making the surgery harder for the surgeon and riskier for the patient. This is why a strict diet should be started 2 weeks before the surgery. You’ll have to cut down carbs and sweets, then 2 days before the surgery, you’ll depend on a liquid diet only (this includes a protein shake to give you energy). Note that caffeinated and carbonated beverages should be avoided

Another crucial step you should be aware of is you should stop smoking at least 4 weeks before the surgery or else it would be cancelled.

Steps inside the operation

Medications are administered for your comfort during the surgical procedure Which might be intravenous sedation or general anesthesia. Your doctor will recommend the best choice for you.

the next step will be the placement of incisions depending on the technique used. Some weight-loss surgeries are done with traditional large, or open, incisions in your abdomen.

Today, most types of bariatric surgery are performed laparoscopically. this means your recovery is faster and shorter

The incisions will be as hidden as possible and along the natural folds of the body

Finally, the surgeon will use tissue glue, sutures or staples to close the incisions.

Candidates

• At least 18 years old

• Your BMI is 40 or higher

• Couldn’t achieve weight loss with diet and exercises

• Suffering from diseases caused by your obesity

• Able to stop smoking and consuming alcohol for a while around the operation date